Every node in every network has its own address to make sure the data reaches its right destination. A standard IP address consists of four groups of numbers that range from 0 to 255, each group being separated by a period. Every 8-bit number in your IP address is called an octet. The combination for each of these quartets is 256. Once you combine all four of these octets you have 4,294,967,296 different values. There is a classful routing system that is used to assign specific IP addresses by classifying them in networks as Class E to Class A in order to maximize the number of IP addresses on each network. Class A and B are usually for big business, governmental, and education networks. Class C is used for smaller networks. Domain name systems (DNS) are a hierarchy of different servers to resolve domain names by translating those names into IP addresses.
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